大学英语人教版七大学下册Unit 4 课文+单词+朗读+常识收拾+词汇说明+句型解析

单词朗读

点击上面绿标播映

rule [ru?l] n.规则;规章

arrive [?’ra?v]v.抵达

(be) on time 准时

hallway [‘h??lwe?] n.走廊;过道

hall [h??l]n.大厅;礼堂

dining hall餐厅

listen [‘l?s(?)n]v.听;倾听

listen

to…听……

fight [fa?t]v. & n.打架;战争

sorry [‘s?r?]adj.抱愧的;哀痛的;怅惘的

outside[a?t’sa?d;’a?tsa?d]adv.在外面 adj. 外面的

wear [we?]v.穿;戴

important [?m’p??t(?)nt]adj.重要的

bring [br??]v.带来;取来

uniform [‘ju?n?f??m]n.校服;制服

quiet [‘kwa??t]adj.恬静的

out [a?t]adv.外出

go out 外出(文娱)

practice [‘pr?kt?s]v. & n.操练

dish [d??]n.碟;盘

do the dishes清洗餐具

before [b?’f??]prep. & conj.在…早年 adv.早年

make (one’s) bed铺床

dirty [‘d??t?]adj.脏的

kitchen [‘k?t??n]n.厨房

more [m??]adj. & pron.更多的

noisy [‘n??z?]adj.吵嚷的

relax [r?’l?ks]v.放松;歇息

read [ri?d]v.读;阅览

terrible [‘ter?b(?)l]adj.非常厌烦的;可怕的

feel [fi?l]v.感触;觉的

strict [str?kt]adj.严肃的;严肃的

be strict (with sb)(对或人)需求严肃

remember [rI’memb?] v.记住;记起

follow [‘f?l??]v.遵从;跟从

follow the rules恪守规则

luck [l?k] n.走运;命运

keep [ki?p] v.坚持;保存

hair [he?] n.头发;毛发

learn [l??n] v. 学习;学会

Clark [kla:k]克拉克(姓;男名)

Amy [e?m?]埃米(女名)

Molly[‘m?l?]莫莉(女名)

New York [nju: j?:k]纽约

课文朗读

点击上面绿标播映

常识收拾

◆短语归纳

1. on time 准时，准时

2. listen to… 听……

3. in class 在课上

4. be late for 做……迟到

5. have to 不得不

6. be quiet 恬静

7. go out 外出

8. do the dishes 清洗餐具

9. make breakfast 做早饭

10. make (one’s) bed 铺床

11. be noisy 吵嚷

12. keep one’s hair short 留短发

13. play with sb. 和或人一同玩

14. play the piano 弹钢琴

15. have fun 玩得高兴

16. make rules 拟定规则

◆用法集萃

1. Don’t + 动词原形+其他。 不要做某事。

2. help sb. (to) do sth. 协助或人做某事

3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的……

4. practice doing sth. 操练做某事

5. be strict with sb. 对或人需求严肃

6. be strict in sth. 对某事需求严肃

7. leave sth sp. 把某物落在某地

8. keep+宾语+描述词 使……坚持某种状况

9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事

10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事

◆典句必背

1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。

2. Can we bring music players to school? 咱们可以带音乐播映器到学校吗？

3. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 而且咱们老是不得不穿校服。

4. There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！

5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！

6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。

◆论题写作

主题：规则

Dear Tom,

Thanks for your last letter. You want to know the rules in our school. Now let me tell you about them.

We can’t arrive late for class. We can’t talk loudly in class. We should keep quiet. When we meet our teachers on our way, we should say hello to them. We can’t eat or drink in class, and we can’t listen to music or play games in class.

I think we have too many rules. What about yours? Please write and tell me.

Yours,

Li Ming

词汇说明

1. arrive

1）arrive 意为“抵达”。arrive at+小地址，arrive in +大地址。例如：

I will arrive in Beijing next week. 我下周全北京。

I arrived at the small village on a cold morning.

在一个严寒的早晨我抵达了那个小村庄。

2）arrive 后边跟地址副词here, there, home时，不需要跟介词。

例如：arrive home 到家 arrive here 到这儿

留心：

arrive late for与be late for是同义短语，都标明“做某事迟到”的意思。

arrive late for 偏重动作晚，be late for 偏重状况晚。

例如：Don’t arrive late for the next test.

＝Don’t be late for the next test.

下一次考试不要再迟到了

。

2. listen

listen 是不及物动词，意为“听,倾听”，偏重听的动作，后边接宾语时要加上介词to。

例如：

We should listen to the teacher carefully.

咱们大约细心听教师讲课。

Listen! Someone is singing in the garden.

听! 有人在花园里歌唱。

拓宽：hear, listen和sound的分析

三个词都有“听”的意思，具体差异如下：

hear 意思是“传闻，听到”，偏重听到的内容。例如：

I heard someone cry in the next room last night.

昨晚我听见有人在近邻哭。

listen意思是“听”，偏重听的动作。例如：

Listen! Someone is crying.听！有人在哭。

sound作动词讲时是连系动词，意为“听起来”，后边跟描述词作表语，构成主系表规划。例如：It sounds good! 听起来不错！

3. relax

relax 作及物动词，意为“放松, 歇息，使轻松”，第三人称奇数为relaxes。例如：

You work too hard; you should relax yourself.

你作业太尽力了，你大约放松一下你自个。

This song relaxes me. 这首歌使我心境酣畅。

拓宽：

1）relaxed描述词，意为“感到轻松的”，常润饰人做表语。例如：

He is relaxed after listening to music.

听完音乐后，他感到轻松。

2）relaxing 也是描述词，意为“令人轻松的”，常用来润饰物或许作业，可以作表语也可以作定语。例如：

It’s a relaxing

trip. 这是一次令人轻松的旅行。

The film is very relaxing. 这部影片很令人放松。

4. on time＆in time

on time 意为“准时，准时”，指依照规则的时刻或许指定的时刻做某事；而in time指“及时”，指不迟到或在规则的时刻之前或许接近所规则的时刻做某事。例如：

We must arrive there on time.

咱们有必要准时抵达那里。

At last, the police arrived there in time.

最终差人及时赶到了那里。

5. wear, put on, dress＆in

1）wear是动词，它的意思是“穿”，它标明状况。例如：

My father wears a T-shirt today. 我父亲今日穿戴T恤衫。

2）put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它标明动作。例如:

It’s cold outside, put on your coat please.

外面非常冷，请穿上你的大衣。

3）dress 作动词时，标明“为……穿衣”后接反身代词或人，也可以不接宾语。例如：

Can you dress the baby for me?

你能帮我给孩子穿衣裳吗？

4）in 标明穿戴的状况，后接颜色或服装。例如：

The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣裳的女孩是我姐姐。

The girl in hat is very beautiful. 戴帽子的女孩儿很秀丽。

6. strict

strict 描述词，意为“严肃的，严肃的”，在语句中可以做表语、定语。常用短语be strict with sb. 意为“对或人需求严肃”；be strict in sth. 意为“对某事需求严肃”。例如：

She is a strict teacher.

她是一个严肃的教师。

She is strict with her students and strict in her work.

她对她的学生和作业需求严肃。

7. bring

bring 动词，意为“带来；拿来”。例如：

Bring your English book to my office.

把你的英语书带到我单位里来。

分析：bring＆take

1）bring指从别处将或人或许某物带到说话人地址的当地。例如：

Please bring your family photo tomorrow.

明日请把你的全家福带过来。

2）take 意为“带走，拿走”时，指把或人或许某物从说话人地址地带走。例如：

His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends.

他父亲周末常常带他去动物园。

8. outside

1）outside 副词，意为“在外面”，反义词是inside。例如：

Don’t go outside. It’s too cold. 不要到外面去，气候太冷了。

2）outside还可以做介词， 意为“在……外面”。例如：

There is a new car outside the house. 房子外边有一辆新车。

3） outside 作名词，意为“外部，表面”。例如：

The outside of the house is red. 这个房子的外部是赤色的。

分析：作副词时out 与outside的差异

out

副词

意为“外出，出来”，其反义词为in。

outside

副词

作副词时，意为“在外面，在户外”等，其反义词为inside。

拓宽：go out的用法
1） 外出，或许指“参加交际活动，外出交际或文娱”。例如：

Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.

每当周日，玛丽的应付非常多。

2） 出去。例如：

Let’s go out for a walk. 让咱们出去漫步吧。

3） 出国，移居国外。例如：

He went out to Canada two years ago. 他两年前移居加拿大了。

4） 过期，不盛行。例如：

This kind of shoes went out last year. 这款鞋上一年就过期了。

9. dish

1） dish 名词，意为“碟，盘”，做餐具讲时，常用复数方法，其前常加the。do the dishes 恰当于wash the dishes，意为“清洗餐具”。例如：

It’s your turn to do the dishes today. 今日轮到你洗碗了。

2）dish 还可用作可数名词，意为“菜肴，一道菜”。例如：

He likes cold dishes. 他喜爱凉菜。

分析：dish＆plate

dish和plate都是“盘，碟”的意思，它们的差异在于：

dish 可以泛指就餐时所用的餐具，包括盘、碗、碟、杯、刀、叉等，特指较深的盘子。例如：

Please dry the dishes and put them away.

请你把餐具擦干, 拾掇好。

plate 指较平的盘子、碟子, 可用来盛汤，也可用来装菜。例如：

Our host was very generous, heaping a plate of food to us.

主人非常大方, 给咱们装了一盘食物。

10. practice

1）practice 作动词时是及物动词，意为“操练，练习”，这今后可跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语。例如：

I often practice my English in the morning.

我常常在早上操练英语。

He practices playing the piano every day.

他每天操练弹钢琴。

2）practice 作名词，意为“操练，实习”，是不可以数名词。例如：

Playing the piano needs a lot of practice.

弹钢琴需要多加操练。

Practice makes perfect. 挥洒自若。

11. follow

follow 动词，意为“遵从，跟从”。follow the rules 意为“恪守规则”。例如：

You must follow the school rules.

你有必要恪守学校规章准则。

拓宽：follow常见的其他用法有：

1） 跟从，跟着。例如：

Please follow me. I’ll show you the way.

请跟我走，我来给你带路。

2） 理解，领会。例如：

You are speaking too fast and we can’t quite follow you.

你讲的太快，咱们不太懂你的意思。

3） 标明“沿……而行”。例如：

follow the road 沿路而行

12. feel

1）feel作行为动词，意为“觉得，认为”。例如：

How do you feel today? 今日你感触怎样?

I feel that you will win. 我感触你会赢。

2）feel 作连系动词，意为“感触，摸起来”，这今后跟描述词作表语。例如：

I feel happy today. 我今日感触很高兴。

Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起来很凉。

练一练：

Ⅰ. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示补全单词。

1. We must f______ the rules in the school.

2. Today is my birthday. I f______ very happy.

3. Don’t stand o_____! Come in, please!

4. He is very lazy. He’s always l______ for school.

5. Don’t f_____ with each other.

6. －When do you a______ at school? －At half past seven.

7. Can we l______ to the music?

8. The room is very d______, so you must clean it.

9. He has to do his homework b______ dinner.

10. Do you do the d______ after dinner?

Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的恰当方法填空。

1. We have to ______ (wear) uniforms to school every day.

2. Jim ______ (have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.

3. My mother often asks me to practice_______ (play) the violin.

4. Don’t ______ (bring) music players to school.

5. Don’t be_____( noise) in the library.

6. Everyone feels______ (relax) when they listen to light music.

7. The weather is ______ (terrible) hot.

8. Does Jack ______ (do) his homework on time?

9. She ______ (not like) playing basketball.

10. I have to ______ (get up) at six o’clock.

III.选词填空。

1. ______ (Don’t, Can’t ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.

2. It’s cold outside. I ______ (must, have to) put on my coat.

3. This is ______ (quiet, quite) an interesting book.

4. ______ (Take, Bring) your sister here with you.

5. Our teacher is very ______ (strict with, strict in) us.

6. Don’t make so much ______ (noise, noisy). Dad is sleeping in the next room.

7. After dinner I can’t ______ (relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.

8. She likes______ ( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.

9. There is a new car ______ (out, outside) the house.

10. Speak loudly, please! I can’t ______ (hear, listen to) you clearly.

参阅答案

I.根据句意和首字母或汉语提示补全单词。

1. follow 2. feel 3. outside 4. late 5. fight

6. arrive 7. listen 8. dirty 9. before 10. dishes

II.用括号中所给单词的恰当方法填空。

1. wear 2. has 3. playing 4. bring 5. noisy

6. relaxed 7. terribly 8. do 9. doesn’t, like 10. get up

III.选词填空。

1. Don’t 2. have to 3. quite 4. Bring 5. strict with

6. noise 7. relax 8. wearing 9. outside 10. Hear

要点句型解析

1.Don’t arrive late for class.

1）这是一个标明否定的祈使句，祈使句标明恳求、指令或许主张。谓语动词用原形，语句的主语you一般省掉。语句结束用句号，标明激烈口气的时分用感叹号, 朗读时要用降调。可以在句末或许句首加上please, 使口气愈加的陡峭谦让。please 放在句首时后边不需要加逗号，放在句末时后边要加逗号。例如：

Listen to your teacher, please. 请听你的教师说话。

Don’t look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。

Please come in. = Come in, please. 请进。

2）这种祈使句的必定式是“Do (实义动词) + 其他成份”。例如：

Listen to me carefully! 细心听我讲！

Open the door! 翻开门！

2. …help his mother make breakfast.

help sb. (to) do sth. 意为“协助或人做某事”，help 后边可以跟带to的不定式（to+动词原形）做宾语补足语，也可以跟不带to的动词不定式（动词原形）做宾语补足语。例如：

He often helps me (to) clean the classroom.

他常常协助我打扫教室。

拓宽：help既可以做动词也可所以名词，常见的其他用法有

1）help sb. with sth. 意为“协助或人做某事”，with后可以跟名词。例如：

I often help him with his lessons. 我常常帮他做功课。

2）with one’s help 意为“在或人的协助下”。例如：

With my teacher’s help, I passed the exam.

在教师的协助下，我经过了考试。

3）help oneself to… 意为“请随意用……”。例如：

Please help yourselves to some fish. 请随意吃些鱼吧。

3. I have to keep my hair short.

“keep +sb./sth.+描述词”标明“使或人或许某物坚持某种状况”。此句式中的keep是动词，意为“保存，保存，坚持”。例如：

Too much work keeps me busy and tired.

太多的作业让我繁忙而且疲倦。

We must keep the class clean.

咱们有必要坚持教室洁净。

拓宽：keep常见的其他用法

1）“keep + 描述词”，意为“坚持某种状况”。例如：

Keep quiet, please! 请坚持恬静!

2）“keep sb. doing sth.”标明“让或人持续/不断地做某事”。例如：

He kept me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。

4. …because I have to/must learn to play the piano.

此句中的learn是及物动词，意为“学习，学会”。“learn（how）to do sth.”意为“学会，学习（如何）做某事”。例如：

You must learn (how) to drive a car. 你有必要学会怎样开车。

Last year, I learnt how to swim. 上一年我学会了游水。

拓宽：learn 的其他用法

1）learn from 意为“向……学习”。例如：

We must learn from Lei Feng. 咱们有必要向雷锋学习。

2）learn by oneself 意为“自学”。例如：

He learns English by himself. 他自学英语。

3）用于某些谚语中。例如：

It’s never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!

1）leave 作动词，意为“留下，放置，不马上做，不马上处置”。“leave sth./sb. + 地址” 可以标明“把或人/某物留在或许落在某地”。“leave sth./sb. + 时刻”可以标明“把某事放置到某时”。例如：

I left my pen in the classroom. 我把钢笔落在教室了。

John always leaves his dirty clothes in his bedroom.

约翰老是把他的脏衣裳留在卧室。

He often leaves the things till next day. 他老是把作业留到第二天。

留心：leave sb. by oneself 意为把或人单独留下例如：

They are busy with work and always leave their son home by himself. 他们忙于作业而且老是把他们的儿子单独留在家里。

2）leave 还可用在及物动词或许不及物动词标明“脱离，启航”，“leave for”意为“启航去某地”。例如：

The plane leaves for Beijing at 2 p.m.. 飞机下午两点起飞去北京。

Mr. Smith left two minutes ago. 史密斯先生两分钟前脱离了。

练一练：

Ⅰ. 细心阅览对话，选择方框内的语句填空格，使对话意思联接正确。

A：there are many rules in our school.

B：You are welcome.

C：Excuse me. Where are you from?

D：Yes, you are right.

E：Can we listen to music in the classroom?

F：No, thank you.

G：Sorry, we can’t.

A： 1 ?

B: I am from Canada. And my name is Alice.

A: Welcome. Well, 2 . Do you know them?

B: Oh, no. Can you tell me, please?

A: OK!

B: Do we have to wear a uniform every day?

A: Yes, we do.

B: 3 ?

A: No, we can’t. But we can listen to it outside.

B: Can we watch TV on school nights?

A: 4 .

B: Do we have to go to bed by 10:00 at night?

A: Yes, we must.

B: Oh I see. Thank you very much.

A: 5 .

Ⅱ. 句型变换，每空一词。

1. We can’t listen to music in the room. (改为祈使句)

______ ______ to music in the room.

2. Eat in class, please. (改为否定句)

_____ _____ in class, please.

3. You can practice your piano every day. (改为同义句)

_____ _____ your piano every day.

4. They have to clean the classroom every day. (对划线有些发问)

_____ _____ they have to _____ every day?

5. She has to wash clothes every week. ( 改为一般疑问句)

______ she_____ _____wash her clothes every week?

6. We must wear uniforms on Monday. （改为同义句）

We ____ ____ wear uniforms on Monday.

7. She has to get up at six o’clock every morning. ( 改为否定句)

She ____ _____ _____ get up at six o’clock every morning.

8. I have to practice my violin on Sundays. (对划线有些发问)

_____ _____ you have to practice your violin?

9. late, can’t, arrive, for, we, school（连词成句）

10. There is one thing you can do. (改为复数方法)

There ___ ____ ____ you can do.

III. 根据汉语意思，结束语句，每空一词。

1. 你们在图书馆有必要坚持恬静吗？

Do you ____ ____ ____ ____ in the library?

2. 你的作文里语法差错太多了。

_____ _____ _____ _____ grammar mistakes in your composition.

3. 我母亲说做竣作业早年不能看电视。

My mom says I ______ watch TV ____ I finish my homework.

4. 周末她得帮母亲干家务。

____ weekends, she ____ ____ help her mum ____ some housework.

5. 上课不能迟到，也不能打架。

____ arrive ___ ___ class or ____ in class.

6. 在周末，我不得不打扫自个的房间和清洗餐具。

On weekends, I ____ ____ clean my room and ____ ___ _____.

7. 外面的世界很精彩。

The ____ ____ is very wonderful.

8. 咱们的数学教师对咱们需求严肃。

Our math teacher ____ ____ _____us.

9. 不要把脏衣裳留在卧室里！

____ ____ the _____ clothes _____ the bedroom!

10. 我有必要学会说英语。

I ____ ____ _____ _____ English.

参阅答案

Ⅰ. 细心阅览对话，选择方框内的语句填空格，使对话意思联接正确。

1-5：CAEGB

Ⅱ. 句型变换，每空一词。

1. Don’t listen 2. Don’t eat

3. Practice playing

4. What do, do

5. Does, have to

6. have to 7. doesn’t have to

8. When do

9. We can’t arrive late for school.

10. are some things

III. 根据汉语意思，结束语句，每空一词。

1. have to keep quiet

2. There are too many

3. can’t, before

4. On, has to, with

5. Don’t, late for, fight

6. have to, do the dishes

7. outside world

8. is strict with

9. Don’t leave, dirty, in

10. must learn to speak