大学英语语法常识点汇总【1】-好难英语网

style=”position: absolute; width:0; height:0; overflow:hidden; left: -9999px; top: -9999px;”>大学英语语法常识点汇总【1】阳光多媒体智能阅览

<h3><br></h3><h3> 沁县阳光教育培训中心</h3><h3>仅作为我校学员内部运用</h3><h3> </h3><h3> 冠词</h3><h3> 1．定冠词－the .</h3><h3> 1 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。the students are very good.</h3><h3> 2 说话人与听话人都晓得的人或事物。where is the toilet ?</h3><h3> 3 重复说到上文的人或事物。i have a cat , the cat is white and black .</h3><h3> 4 标明世界上绝无仅有的事物。the moon moves around the earth .</h3><h3> 5 描述词最高档和序数词前和标明方位的名词前。i am the oldest . he is the first to school . i live in the south .</h3><h3> 6 乐器的称号前常用定冠词－the 。i like playing the piano / violin .</h3><h3> 7 和某些描述词连用，使描述词名词化，代表某一类人。we should help the poor .</h3><h3> 8 放在某些专有名词前。we will go to visit the great wall next week . the people’s republic of china .</h3><h3> 9 放在姓氏的复数方法前，标明全家人或配偶两人。the whites are watching tv .</h3><h3> 10 固定词组中。in the morning / afternoon / evening .</h3><h3> 2．不定冠词－a / an .</h3><h3> 1 指人或事物的某一品种。a horse is a useful animal. a table has four legs.</h3><h3> 2 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。pass me a pencil, please. we write with a pen.</h3><h3> 3 指或人或某物，但不具体阐明何人或何物。the book was written by a peasant. last month we were working in a factory.</h3><h3> 4 不定冠词还可以指“事物的单位”，如“每日”、“每斤”等。 here is a letter for you . the meat is 18 yuan a kilo.</h3><h3> 3．零冠词。</h3><h3>

1 泛指人类或男女。man will conquer nature .</h3><h3> 2 笼统名词在用来标明它的一般概念时，一般不加冠词。knowledge begins with practice .</h3><h3> 3 有些个别名词有时可以转化成具有笼统意义，其前面也常不加冠词。we had better send him to hospital at once.</h3><h3> 4 在专有名词前一般不必冠词。china is a great country. mr smith is an artist.</h3><h3> 5 在三餐饭何球类运动称号之前不必冠词。he often goes out for a walk after supper. sometimes i play basketball.</h3><h3> 6 在节假期、星期几、月份、时节等名词前。october 10th is teachers’ day.</h3><h3> 7 称号语或标明头衔、职务的名词前不必冠词。granny is sleeping now. we call him monitor.</h3><h3> 8 在言语名词前，名词前有指示代词、物主代词或数词时，不必冠词。this is his book. i can speak english .</h3><h3> 9 不必冠词的惯用语。at night / on food / go to town / at home / in class / at work 等。</h3> <h3>描述词</h3><h3> 1．描述词的构成。</h3><h3> 1 简略描述词由一个单词构成。good, long, green, large, bright, interesting, surprised, learned, developing, sleeping .2 复合描述词由一个以上的词构成。20-minute, second-hand, 500-word, 8-year-old, three-legged, round-trip, part-time, good-looking.</h3><h3> 2．描述词的用法。</h3><h3> 1 润饰名词作定语。she is a beautiful girl .</h3><h3> 2 作表语。he is very strong.</h3><h3> 3 作宾语补足语。let the door open. you must keep your classroom clean .</h3><h3> 4 “定冠词＋描述词”标明一类人或物，在语句中可作主语或宾语。we should speak to the old politely. </h3><h3> 5 大大都描述词既可作表语又可作定语，但少量描述词只能作表语，不能作定语。如：asleep, ill, awake 等。</h3><h3> 6 有些描述词只能作定语而不能作表语。如：many, little, wooden, golden 等。</h3><h3> 3．描述词的方位。</h3><h3> 1 描述词一般放在它所润饰的名词的前面。a heavy box.</h3><h3> 2 与标明衡量的词连用，描述词要放在它所润饰词语的后边。3 metre long. 12 kilometer away .</h3><h3> 3 与不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing 等连用时，可以放在这些词之后。 something important . nothing serious .</h3><h3> 4 当名词前有多个描述词润饰时，一般按下面的词序摆放：冠词（包括物主代词、序数词、基数词）－描绘描述词（brave, beautiful）－标明形状（巨细、长短、高矮）的描述词－标下一年纪或新旧的描述词－标明颜色的描述词－标明国籍、出处或来历的描述词－标明材料、物质的描述词－标明用处或品种的描述词－被润饰的词。my nice small brown leather bag . those large round black wooden tables .</h3><h3> 4．描述词的比照级和最高档。（一般加 er / est ，不规则见表）</h3><h3> 1 原级的用法：“……和……相同”</h3><h3>a．必定句：a ＋动词＋ as ＋描述词原级＋ as ＋ b . he is as tall as me .</h3><h3>b．否定句：a… ＋ not as ＋描述词原级＋ as ＋ b （即a 不如 b 那么…）</h3><h3> a… ＋ not so ＋描述词原级＋ as ＋ b

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