Humpback whales are known for their haunting songs, and much like human tunes, they can quickly spread until all whales in the group are singing from the same song sheet.

座头鲸以其醉人的歌声而出名，就像人类的曲调同样，鲸鱼的歌声可以敏捷传布，直到鲸群里的所有成员都同唱一曲为止。

This signature song evolves gradually over time as individual males add embellishments and others copy. Seen here off the east coast of Australia, this is what the whales were singing two years later. But every now and then a song completely disappears from the oceans and is replaced by something new in what scientists call a ‘revolution event’.

这首主打歌曲随时候的推移逐步蜕变：雄性个别给曲子加以润饰，其它的鲸鱼会仿照。人们在澳大利亚东岸四周看到了这

些鲸鱼，这是它们两年后的歌声。但时时时的，一首歌会从海洋中彻底消散，随后被新歌替换，科学家们把这一征象称作一次 “演变性事务”。

Dr Jenny Allen, Honorary Research Fellow at Queensland UniversityNormally, when the song is evolving kind of through gradual changes, you can hear the songs from one year to the next and hear the similarities. But with a revolution, the song is completely different. They essentially start from scratch with a

revolution.

珍妮·艾伦博士 光荣钻研员 澳大利亚昆士兰大学“凡是，当鲸鱼之歌在逐步蜕变时，你可以听出先后两年歌声之间的类似的地方，但跟着 ‘演变’，歌曲听起来会彻底分歧。它们根基上会从零起头创作。”

Researchers studied whales over 13 years. They found that when they changed their tune, the new ballads were always more simple.

钻研职员对鲸鱼举行了 13 年钻研。他们发明，当鲸鱼扭转曲调时，新的歌谣老是更简略。

Dr Jenny Allen, Honorary Research Fellow at Queensland University

What this tells us is that there might be some kind of limitation to that learning. So there might be some

kind of cap either in terms of how complex a thing they can learn or how much new material they can learn at one time.

珍妮·艾伦博士 光荣钻研员 澳大利亚昆士兰大学“这阐明鲸鱼的学歌能力可能有一些局限性。也就是说，它们能进修多繁杂的事物，或一次能学到几多新素材。”

And that could explain how the crooners of the sea adapt and change their songs, ensuring their musical repertoire stands the test of time.

这可以诠释这些海洋中的低吟歌手若何改编及扭转它们的歌曲，确保它们所有的音乐曲目经得住时候的磨练。

辞汇

tunes 曲子，旋律

singing from the same song sheet 同唱一曲

embellishments 润饰、装潢

start from scratch 从零起头

musical repertoire 全数音乐曲目

谜底

They have studied the whales for 13 years.

2、白话题

歪果仁和你“Cheers”，可不只是要和你“干杯”！理解错了排场会很冷！

说到Cheers这个词，你必定不会感触目生。它在浩繁社交场所被常常利用，只要咱们端起羽觞，相互请安，那句认识的声音便会在耳旁，众口一词地想起——“CHEERS”。

但是，你晓得吗？当歪果仁对你说“Cheers”，可不必定是“干杯”哦！若是会错会对方的好意，阿谁时辰，你收到的或许会是“为难而不是礼貌的微笑”了！

来看几个释义，感觉一下它的分歧利用语境↓↓↓

Giorgio与他的尼格罗尼SBAGLIATO。

1.喝彩雀跃，积极介入。

当你高兴的蹦跶起来时，你就会为某事喝彩（Cheer），踊跃积极地介入到某项勾当中去。

来看看例句：

The crowd cheered as she went up to the steps to the bandstand.

当她走上吹奏台的台阶时，人群喝彩起来。

The audience greets his speech with a loud cheer.

听众对他的演讲报以大声喝彩。

The audience gave a great cheer when he scored.

当他得分的时辰，观众们暴发出强烈热闹的喝彩。

Tim Ohlbrecht carries a student on his shoulder while David Jones (right) cheers him on during one of their basketball coaching sessions in Yuzhong county, Gansu province, on April 1. CHINA DAILY

2. 感触振奋

当你因某件事而解脱掉情感，阐明你已起头振奋本身了。这个时辰你便可以用cheer来形容本身的心境↓↓↓

Stephen noticed that the people around him looked cheered by his presence.

斯蒂芬注重到四周的人由于他的参加而振抖擞来。

Cheer up! I’m sure you’ll feel better tomorrow.

振作起来！我必定你来日诰日会好些的。

Our teachers often cheer us up in class every day.

教员经常使咱们天天在讲堂上都很振奋。

看过了以上两个释义及其利用语境，咱们再来看看cheers在英美语顶用法的分歧。

英式英语中的Cheers

在英式英语中，Cheers有三种释义：干杯、感谢、再会。

来看看牛津辞书对它的诠释：

1.干杯

这是咱们最认识的释义了。人们凡是会在大师碰杯以前说声“Cheers”，以示庆贺或敬意↓↓↓

Cheers! With our coffee cups for our future!

以咖啡代酒，为咱们的将来干杯！

Let’s drink a toast to our hostess. Cheers!

为咱们的女主人碰杯。干杯！

在英国，“干杯”另有其他的说法。

Cheers / Make a toast / Bottoms up.

一个情形对话，区别一下这三句干杯↓↓↓

A, “I would like to make a toast to the newlyweds. Cheers to you both!”

B, ”Cheers!”

A, “Bottoms up!”

Cheers是号令大师一块儿碰杯，纵情的喝！

Toast是比力正式的碰杯庆贺，可以说make a toast或是propose a toast。

Bottoms up！则是很豪放的一饮而尽，是名不虚传的“干杯”，豪情深一口闷!

2.感谢

英国人喜好用Cheers来取代Thank you.来表达感激之意。在瓜葛更好的朋侪之间，这个非正式的叩谢用语更经常使用。

不少年前在英国，人们碰头打号召的时辰会说good cheer to you或be of good cheer，至关于今天的how are you.垂垂的，起先的问候语经多年的蜕变到今天人们用cheers来暗示感谢。

在英国平常说cheers要比说thank you的次数多不少。

I like the picture you gave me. Cheers!

我喜好你送给我的丹青。感谢！

2018年12月7日动静，美国迈阿密，贝辛妮·弗兰凯（Bethenny Frankel）与朋侪们迈阿密度假。

3.再会

Cheers用在辞别语，意为“再会”，是平常很常见的表达，特别在打完德律风后说再会，是比力轻松的Goodbye。

Cheers! See you tomorrow night.

再会！明晚见。

美式英语中的Cheers

美式英语中Cheers的用法较为单一，它只有一个用法，即“干杯”（碰杯时说的“干杯”）。

牛津辞书对此也做了诠释：

在美式英语中，Cheers可以利用于更多的对话语境，如饮酒、烧烤等场景。

一样，作为四大英语辞书之一的剑桥辞书也对“Cheers”做了诠释：

剑桥辞书的释义有三种，别离是：

喝工具碰杯时的“干杯”用作交换时表达祝愿，或用来竣事一段对话暗示感谢感动或认可某事扩大短语

cheer up使欢快；欢快起来；使振奋

cheer for为…喝彩，喝采；给…加油

good cheer n.勇气；欢欣鼓舞

cheer you up让你振作起来，让你高兴起来；让你愉快些

cheer on鼓动勉励，为或人打气

总结一下，Cheers有：干杯、感谢、再会、喝彩和祝愿等意义，这些隧道的“Cheers”用法，你学会了吗?咱们下次见，Cheers!、

3、双语读

泛读博览，请幸临！↓↓↓