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task 1

school is thinking about getting “the study hall” to fill in the schedule of students. the study hall is the free time class for students to review or study what they like. do you agree or disagree with this?

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task 2

about campus life: ?school admin proposes to provide open courses opportunities for old people (over 65) to attend classes and study with registered students together.

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task 3

about psychology: availability error, which refers a situation that people falsely believe their bad experiences would occur again.

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task 4

about biology: ecosystem engineering

1. purify water and ameliorate environment.

2. gregarious animals provide some gaps for other species to prevent predators.

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写作部分
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独立写作

成长中的孩子需要有有趣的新体验来刺激他们的想象力和心智发展。由于孩子们经常觉得课堂教学很无聊，学校应该通过其他方式

帮助孩子们获得令人兴奋的新体验

例如:

1.为孩子们提供文化活动(艺术展、博物馆展览)或自然景点(公园、自然保护区)的实地考察

2.通过给他们一定数量的钱来购买他们喜欢的书籍，帮助孩子们在课外阅读有趣的书籍

你认为这两种方式中哪一种更能给孩子提供刺激他们心智的令人兴奋的新体验？为什么？

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综合写作

discussions on the three theories that explain the disappearance of chinook salmons.

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reading

pros:

1. food reduction from competing species like pink salmons .

2. ocean warming caused by blob, a kind of ocean heat waves, devastates the habitats.

3. predators, like sharks, caused the decrease of chinook salmons.

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listening

cons:

1. chinook salmons forage in deep waters offshore, while, pink salmons prey in near-surface waters of remote seas, whereby there is little competition.

2. the decline of chinook salmons occurred decades before ocean warming caused by blob, and it has nothing to do with temperature fluctuations.

3. satellite tags attached by researchers on chinook salmons made them swim more slowly and become more vulnerable to predators.

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